tịch diệt

Definition

1. Noun (Buddhist term):
   • Nirvana; Extinction; Cessation: The ultimate goal in Buddhism, representing the complete and final blowing out or quenching of the fires of greed, hatred, and delusion. It signifies the end of suffering, the cessation of rebirth, and liberation from the cycle of samsara. It implies a state of perfect peace and stillness, free from all worldly desires and afflictions.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Mục đích tối thượng của đạo Phật là đạt đến cảnh giới tịch diệt. (The ultimate goal of Buddhism is to attain the state of Nirvana.)
  • Trong giáo lý nhà Phật, tịch diệt không có nghĩa là hư vô mà là sự giải thoát hoàn toàn. (In Buddhist doctrine, Nirvana does not mean nothingness but complete liberation.)

Advanced Usage

• The term is deeply philosophical and is primarily used in religious, academic, or literary contexts discussing Buddhist philosophy. It is not used in everyday conversation.

Variants and Related Words

• Niết bàn (Nirvana): The more common and direct Vietnamese transliteration of the Sanskrit word "Nirvāṇa," synonymous with "tịch diệt."
• Giải thoát (Liberation): A more general term for liberation or release, often used in conjunction with or to explain "tịch diệt."
• Diệt độ (Parinirvāṇa): Often refers to the final Nirvana attained upon the death of a Buddha or an arhat.

Synonyms

• Nirvana
• Extinction (of suffering and defilements)
• Cessation
• Liberation
• Emancipation

Related Concepts

• Samsara: The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth, from which "tịch diệt" is the release.
• Enlightenment (Bodhi): The awakening or insight that leads to the attainment of Nirvana.
• Dukkha (Suffering): The fundamental problem in Buddhism that "tịch diệt" resolves.